A central sleep apnea syndrome induced by medication or substance use. Central sleep apnea is caused by improper signaling from the brainstem to the respiratory muscles and is triggered by either hypoventilation or hyperventilation. Clinical signs include snoring, insomnia or hypersomnia, difficulty concentrating, and fatigue. Recurrent episodes of hypoxia/hypoxemia have long-term detrimental effects on cardiovascular health.
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